Organised criminal groups in the UK are reportedly making millions annually from the illegal dumping and burning of waste, due to a lack of enforcement and a ‘low-risk, high-reward’ culture. A Lords committee informed the government that criminality is rampant in the waste sector, with an estimated 38 million tonnes of waste being illegally managed each year. This illegal activity is causing serious environmental, economic, and social consequences. The committee described the record on prosecutions as ‘woeful’, facilitating this lucrative, illicit trade.